Katie

My final cover, contents and double page spread:

2010-03-19T15:46:00.003Z

Cover, Contents and Double Page Spread...

2010-03-19T13:26:00.001Z

Double Page

2010-03-19T13:12:00.001Z

I decided to use the one with the arial font because it looked the most professional and you could see what was what easily. I also added two black lines above and below the description to make it more obvious.

I also edited the articl and checked that there were no hyphens linking words onto the next line as this does not look professional.

Editing Double Page Spread

2010-03-18T14:49:00.006Z

I added a white box behind the captions on my photos to make them stand out more and to make them clearer and easier to read. I also added the name of the interviewer to the end of the article. I then experemented with different ways of highlighting the questions to make it obvious which parts of the text they are.

For this one i changed the font to arial which alot simpler and is more like the usual format of a magazine interview. I also made the questions in bold which makes it stand out alot more.

For this one i put a lighter grey box behing. I carried the colour of this from the front cover to continue the house style.

In the one above and the one below i used bold or italic effects to make the question look different to the answer.

On the one above i carried the pink colour from both the cover and the pull quotes in the article. However i think this one looks a bit too pink and does not properly reflect the correct genre of music.

On the one above i did the same with the blue colour from the cover and the drop cap. However i think this one looks a bit too colourful.

For this one i used the colour black which i carried from the title. However i think this looks quite plain and simple.

2010-03-17T13:27:00.001Z

This is my contents page with the start of the double page article and the image of the cover added.

Double Page

2010-03-17T13:24:00.003Z

This is my double page spread with the article added. I still need to do something to make it clear which parts are the questions and which are the answers.

From Mrs S

2010-03-15T13:21:00.000Z

This is good. It's a very effective and attractive front cover.

Front Cover

2010-03-15T12:50:00.003Z

This is my front cover will all the changes and improvements made to it.

Experementing with colour

2010-03-11T14:53:00.005Z

I then experemented with different ways of injecting colour into the bottom half of the magazine where the artists names were quite plain. I tried using a solid box and putting it behind the names of the artists but this looked too bold and bright. I then alternated the colours of the artists names and experimented with different possible look.

I also alternated the colour of the line around the text on the right hand side of the cover as it makes it more interesting and fun.

I am going to use the alternate coloured font on my final front cover because it is more fun and is more likely to attract my target audience.

Experimenting with box shapes

2010-03-11T14:40:00.003Z

I experimented with different shapes for the cover lines at the top and bottom of the page. I liked the effect of changing the one at the bottom as it makes the cover look a little bit more fun and less structered or formal. However it did not work well with the one at the top as it was linked with the title of the magazine.

Experimenting with font colour

2010-03-11T14:34:00.003Z

I experimented with different coloured fonts to make the pull quotes stand out more. I decided to use the white text with a blue line around the edge which is the opposite of the original text. This is because it is more eye catching and easier to read.

2010-03-10T13:06:00.001Z

I think that maybe the font choice for coverlines is too blocky and not that clear so it is not really 'popping' out . maybe keep the font and change the colour to make it more visible or change to a more easy to read font? try moving the coverlines arounnd to show skill in use of technology- things like bubbles etc...

Front Cover

2010-03-10T12:39:00.002Z

I chose to use the full coloured image of the face for my cover because it is most striking and will therefore attract attention and sell more magazines.

I then added the cover lines and information about the articles.

From Mrs S

2010-03-09T12:11:00.001Z

I agree with Miss D, but I love your images, the front cover ones are really effective

Front Cover Designs

2010-03-09T11:43:00.001Z

Front cover

2010-03-03T13:17:00.006Z

I added the featured artists and pug to the front cover. I also added a coloured bar that is the same colour as the red text to seperate the artists names which makes them stand out more. The black and white image in the centre will be enlarged and featured as my cover image.

2010-03-03T13:13:00.001Z

Lovely images here katie but make sure you can demonstrate your skill by using a variety of shot distances and experimenting with framing.

Double Page spread

2010-03-03T12:44:00.002Z

This is my final double page spread without the text added.

Contents with text

2010-03-03T12:03:00.003Z

I inserted my original inages and also added shabows to them. I then filled in the text for the contents of my magazine with an artists name and a summary of the article.

I changed some of the images because they related better to the articles and so that they filled up more space.

2010-03-02T12:25:00.005Z

I then added a white line around the blue and white text on the contents. I will also do this to the pull quotes from the article ar the bottom. I have made the contents font size 18 and the the page number size 16. I will make the Pull-quote size 30 and the rest of the text in the box size 18. The page numbers over the images are font size 20.

Double page Spread

2010-03-02T12:17:00.005Z

I added some of my original images to my double page spread. These images show the 'artists' in their performing style so i now need to add the images which show the artists not in their performing style.

I also put a white line around the red text to make it stand out more and so that it is clearer and easier to read on the grey background.

Contents Page

2010-03-02T12:14:00.003Z

I added some of my original images to my magazine on the contents page. I also changed the colour of the 'page number' text because the white showed up better against the images behind.

Original Images

2010-03-02T12:01:00.004Z

I will use these images on my contents page refering to other artists and articles.

From Mrs S

2010-03-02T11:58:00.002Z

I really like what you're doing, you've got some interesting stuff going on. Are you really going to use the red on a grey background? The reason I ask is that It doesn't show up well.

Original Images - Performing style

2010-03-02T11:54:00.006Z

These are original images that i will use in my article. They show the "artist" in her performing style.

Double Page Spread Layout with Colour

2010-03-01T13:13:00.004Z

Right click and select "open in another tab" to see larger.

I will use the white text as it shows up best on the grey background.

Contents Layout With Colour

2010-03-01T13:11:00.001Z

Right click and select "open in another tab" to see larger.

From Miss D

2010-02-25T14:38:00.001Z

Well done so far- this is interesting and shows careful thought.

Front cover layout with colour

2010-02-24T13:24:00.003Z

Right click and select "open in another tab" to see larger.

The "essential information" will be the free download.

Title

2010-02-24T13:10:00.003Z

I then experimented with colour and chose a colour scheme for my magazine whice reflects the indie genre of music.

From Miss D

2010-02-24T12:49:00.000Z

Katie, I would like to see some construction now as there seems to be some good ideas but nothing material to comment on.

Magazine colours

2010-02-24T12:45:00.005Z

I then looked at other indie music magazines on the internet to see what colour schemes they use throughout their magazines.

This magazine as called "losing today." It uses a dark background with plain, bright and bold coloured fonts. This makes it look modern and stand out as well as reflecting the genre of music well. However the writing is not wrapped around the faces on the picture very well and the cover looks very cluttered. I want my magazine to look neeter, sharper and for the writing to wrap round the faces well.

This one is the same magazine however this issue is alot simpler and focuses mainly on the picture on the cover. The image dominates the page and is used as the entire background. They again use a bold and bright font and colour which looks modern and individual.

This magazine is called "sentimentist." The title of the magazine is plain and in black and white however they introduce colour in the cover lines and names of featured artists. I would like to use this look to influence my magazine.

I particularly like this issue of "sentimentist"because of the bright colours used and the effect used on the picture which make it look like a poster or cartoon. However the title is still very simple. I would like to use this look on the cover of my magazine because i think it draws your attention to it.

Again this is a very simple cover focussing on the image. They do not include much information about anything inside the magazine accept for the names of artists and a short caption or pull-quote to summarise the article and draw in the reader. The name is again simple and the colour is brought in by the cover lines.

This issue is extremely simple. It focuses completely on the image on the cover and the title and cover lines are all plain. I do not think this magazine has enough colour or would stand out on a shelf so i do not want my magazine to be quite this simple.

Experimenting with colour

2010-02-24T12:37:00.005Z

Although my focus group liked the black on the pink for my title i am going to use a different colour which better reflects the indie genre of music.

I experemented with different colours which were darker and also lightened the background from black to grey.

I decided i like the black writing and will experiment further with it to create a colour scheme for my magazine.

From Mrs S

2010-02-23T12:17:00.000Z

I know you've been working on this, so you need to upload some stuff now.

From Miss D

2010-02-11T14:39:00.000Z

I like the ideas and the reasoning behind them but i would perhaps question whether the pink and black reflected indie music? I would maybe feel more muted colours would suit- look at some of the magazines from last year to give ideas.

Looking at the Music Industry

2010-02-10T13:02:00.004Z

I looked more into the industry and the background of magazines similar to mine. I looked at sales and circulation figures as well as finding out more about the magazine.

· NME ( New Musical Express)
· Published weekly since March 1952
· First British magazine to include singles chart
· In the 1960’s it was selling as many as 200,000 copies per week
· Its commercial height was in 1970’s when it became the best selling British music magazine
· They later failed to keep up to date with the pace of the music industry however due to the rise of interest in music, its sales still grew to 300,000 copies per week.
· In the 1980’s they released the first influential C18 cassette tape which was available to readers at a low price by mail order.
· In the 1990’s they began to cover new indie music bands
· In 1999 they saw a dip in sales and this continued into the millennium
· In the 2000’s the magazine changed to full colour and in May 2008 the magazine had a re-design
· Circulation of the magazine has fallen since 2003 and in the first half of 2009 they sold 40,940 copies compared to 72,442 in the first half of 2003. This was a fall of 44%.

· Q has been published weekly since 1986
· Used to subtitled “the modern guide to music and more”
· It was originally called “cue” but it was changed so as not to be mistaken as a snooker magazine
· In late 2008 its image was revamped with less text and increased focus on issues other than music
· Every issue has an individual message on the spine
· Their sales figures are also falling as they sold less issues in 2008 than in 2007

http://classic.mediatel.co.uk/abcroundup/2008/08/article08.cfm

Title Colour Scheme Planning

2010-02-09T12:19:00.006Z

For these titles i used filter effects to develop them. I included the colours purple, red and blue in the shaddow colours.

I then asked the focus group which ones they liked the most and would like to see in the magazine before experimenting further.

Title Planning

2010-02-09T11:42:00.009Z

I then experimented with different colour schemes for my title using the colours and font my target audience wanted.

I asked the focus group which colour scheme they liked best and would most like to see in an indie music magazine before experimenting further.

From this i can see that they liked the pink on black colour scheme followed by the pink on blue and black on pink. This shows me that i need to use modern, bold colours in my magazine.

Planning

2010-02-08T19:51:00.007Z

Key words which could influence my magazine name:

Individual, new, upcoming, cue, musical, my music, rhythm, beats, my style, sound, choice, youth, crunk, vibe, impulse, dance, jolt, new age, voice, uncut, jaged, jealousy, national.

I could use the first letter of a word as my magazine for example “Q” or I could use a word with two meanings for example “Q” which is the same as “cue” which means introducing so it implies that the magazine introduces new artists and talent. I could also use a name like “NME” which stands for new music express or use an artists name.

The words i particularly like from this are:

Jolt meaning a sudden impact,
Upcoming because this reflects the artists in the magazine,
Individual because it will make my magazine seem different from other magazines in the industry,
My music because it makes the magazine more personal,
National because it will make the magazine seem large and successful
and Young or Youth because it reflects my target audience.

I will use these words to come up with a name for my magazine.

Some i thought of were:
My international music
Individual Jolt
Upcoming youth

I have decided to call my magazine "My Individual Music" as it can be shortened to "MIM" and the words "My" and "Individual" make it sound individual and personal, and "Music" shows that it is a music magazine. Also, the word "Individual" reflects the genre of the music and artists featured in the magazine.

From Mrs S

2010-02-08T13:15:00.002Z

I'm very impressed with the amount of work here. there's a lot of good analytical detail. Good work.

Planning

2010-02-08T13:10:00.002Z

Front cover:

For this I need to make sure that the title and image immediately draw the reader into the magazine. They must reflect the “indie” genre of music which my magazine will be focused on. Therefore it will need to include the font BankGothic Md BT, and mainly use the colours blue and bright pink and also some purple, black and red. It must have the price £3.00 on the pug and advertise a free gift in the form of a download as well as showing that the contents are an important issue in the magazine. The image on the cover must be of a young upcoming female artist in their performing style and also slightly reflect the change in seasons. The name of the magazine must reflect the young quirky style of the target audience so that it appeals to them. I will use front cover design 2 for the layout.

Contents:

The contents must fill the whole page and show the range of contents on offer as well as including images of featured artists and pull quotes from articles. It must reflect the style of the cover to make the house style flow throughout the magazine. Therefore it must use the font BankGothic Md BT, and mainly use the colours blue and bright pink and also some purple black and some red. I will use contents design 3 for the layout.

Double Page Spread:

This must be an interview with an upcoming artist including a photo-shoot. It must have more images than text and the writing must be in columns to fit with the codes and conventions of a magazine. The images must be in line with the columns to achieve a neat and even look. The house style must also be continued throughout the double page spread and it must use the font BankGothic Md BT, and mainly use the colours blue and bright pink and also some purple black and some red. I will use double page spread design 4 for the layout.

From Miss D

2010-02-04T17:22:00.001Z

Well Done Katie- some good evidence here of thoughtful analysis. Look closely at fonts and image types/framing in the real media artefacts- remember you need to demonstrate a range of shot types and distances as well as varied font types and sizes for effect.

Contents Design 3

2010-02-04T15:16:00.003Z

Evaluation of Design 3:

This design uses all the neccessary information and codes and conventions of a magazine contents. There are no free spaces and the contents fills the whole page as my target audience asked for.

Contents Design 2

2010-02-04T15:07:00.002Z

Evaluation of Design 2:

This is the contents page from NME music magazine. There is alot more space in this one and the contents are described alot more briefly. Also, everything is alot more spread out.

Contents Design 1

2010-02-04T15:04:00.003Z

Evaluation of Design 1:

This is the contents page from the magazine "Q". It is very full up and there are no empty spaces. I will need to reflect this in the contents of my magazine.

Front Cover Design 4

2010-02-04T14:45:00.001Z

Evaluation of Design 4:

This layout is used by the magazine NME which is also very successful.

Front Cover Design 3

2010-02-04T14:39:00.004Z

Evaluation of Design 3:

This is the layout used by Q which is a very successful music magazine.

Front Cover Design 2

2010-02-03T13:30:00.003Z

Evaluation of Design 2:

I will use this design for the front cover of my magazine because all of the spaces are filles and all the relevant information is included.

Front Cover Design 1

2010-02-03T13:29:00.006Z

Evaluation of Design 1:

This design includes all the neccessary information but has a few blank spaces which could be filled.

Double Page Spread Design 4

2010-02-03T13:19:00.004Z

Evaluation of design 4:

On this design there are even more images as my target audience wanted more images than text. They also break up the text making the article easier to read. Therefore i will use this design for the layout on my double page spread.

Double Page Spread Design 3

2010-02-03T13:09:00.007Z

Evaluation of Design 3:

I like this design as i think it would appeal well to my target audience as it contains lots of images and is broken down well.

Double Page Spread Design 2

2010-02-03T13:02:00.015Z

Evaluation of Design 2:

I decided that as my target market said they would linke more images than text, this design was not suitable because their is more text than images.

Double Page Spread Design 1

2010-02-03T12:47:00.003Z

Evaluation of design 1:

I decided that this design looked too seperate as all of the writing is on one page and all the images were on the other.

Real Media Artifact: NME contents

2010-02-02T12:23:00.002Z

Real Media Artifact: NME Front Cover

2010-02-02T12:17:00.002Z

Real Media Artifact: Q Double Page Spread

2010-02-02T12:14:00.002Z

From mrs S

2010-02-02T12:12:00.000Z

Good analysis Katie, useful stuff.

Real Media Artifact: Q Contents

2010-02-02T12:09:00.002Z

Real Media Artifact: Q Front Cover

2010-02-02T12:07:00.002Z

From Mrs S

2010-02-01T13:13:00.000Z

I agree with Miss D, some really useful info here. Good stuff Katie!

From these questionnaires I have now decided that my magazine will:

2010-01-27T13:03:00.002Z

· Use the font BankGothic Md BT
· Be aimed at students aged between 16 and 19
· Produce a new issue each month
· Show that the contents are an important issue
· Reflect the variety of contents on the cover
· Keep up to date with chart details
· Include upcoming artists
· Include interviews and photo-shoots
· Mainly use the colours blue and bright pink, with some purple, black and possible red.
· Be priced at £3.00
· Advertise a free gift in the form of a download
· Slightly reflect the change in season
· Include more pictures than writing in any interviews
· Have contents filling the whole page
· Have an interview on the double page spread
· Feature a young female artist on the front cover in their performing style

From Miss D

2010-01-27T12:47:00.002Z

Some thoughtful analysis here and a wealth of information to think about- well done. Now i suggest you think about product placement and have some ideas of how the magazine industry works and then get on to some analysis of Real Media Artefacts based on the results of your questionnaires.

Focus Group Questionnaire Analysis

2010-01-27T12:39:00.003Z

Q1) From this I will make sure that the main colours of my magazine are blue and bright pink. I will also include purple, black and red.

Q2)From this I have decided that I will use the font “BankGothic Md BT” on most of my magazine.

Q3) This tells me that I will need to use more pictures than writing in any interview in my magazine.

Q4) From this I now know that the contents of my magazine must fill the whole page.

Q5) From this I have decided to charge £3.00 for my magazine.

Q6) Because of this, I will include a free gift in my magazine in the form of a download.

Q7) This tells me that I will create an interview for my double page spread.

Q8) Because of this, I will not tie each issue to a theme.

Q9) This shows me that my target market do not mind whether the cover of each issue is tied to the season or not. This means that I could link to the season in it fits in with the issue, but if not it would not matter.

Q10) Because of this I could photograph my featured artist in either their performing style or when relaxed. Because of this, I will photograph both.

Focus Group Questionnaire

2010-01-26T12:22:00.000Z

Q1) What colours would you like to see in an “Indie” music magazine?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Q2) What style of font would you like to see in an “Indie” music magazine?

() Font
() Font
() Font
() Font
() Font
() Font
() Font
() Font

Q3) Would you like an interview in a music magazine to include more pictures or writing?

() Pictures
() Writing

Q4) Would you like the contents to fill the whole page or not?

() Yes
() No

Q5) How much would you be prepared to pay for a music magazine?

() £1.00
() £1.50
() £2.00
() £2.50
() £3.00

Q6) Would you like the magazine to include a free CD or a free download?

() CD
() Download

Q7) What would you like to see on a double page spread?

() Photographs
() Interviews
() Chart details
() Latest gossip
() Other

Q8) Would you like each issue to be tied to a theme?

() Yes
() No

Q9) Would you like the cover of the magazine to reflect the change in seasons?

() Yes
() No

Q10) Would you like the featured artist to be shown in their performing style or as they are in relaxed conditions at home?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Questionnaire Analysis

2010-01-26T12:14:00.004Z

From my questionnaire results I have decided that the audience for my magazine will be students who are both male and female and aged between 16 and 19. I want to create a new magazine which will focus on other types of music and a different image to most music magazines. I want to produce a new issue of the magazine each month and this will be included on the pug e.g. January 1010 issue. My magazine will cost between £1 and £3 and this will also be included on the pug. I will make sure that contents are an important issue and that the variety of contents I will include on my magazine will be reflected on the cover. I will feature a young individual looking, upcoming female artist on the cover and have a free track, album or download in the issue. I will also make sure that my magazine keeps up to date with music trends and includes chart details, interviews and photo shoots.

I will now conduct a further questionnaire to find out the exact colours I will use on my magazine and the exact price as well as the style of the cover and person featured on the cover. I would also like to find out whether to include a free gift in the form of a download or a hard copy.

Questionnaire Analysis

2010-01-26T11:41:00.009Z

Q1) I asked equal numbers of both females and males because I want my magazine to be targeted at both male and female audiences. This is because I do not want a magazine which is targeted specifically at either males or Females, like gossip magazines or cars magazines.

Q2) I now know that 57% of people I asked are 16-18 so this is the target market I will aim my magazine to and the age group which all the information I have found will represent.

Q3) I found out that 35% of people I surveyed live in Crowthorne compared to 25% in Sandhurst and Bracknell. This tells me that they all have access to easily purchase magazines including music magazines.

Q4) This question has shown me that 70% of the people I surveyed were students. This means that my target market will be students.

Q5) This has shown me how many people already regularly buy a magazine, so that I would know how much room there would be in the market for my magazine and also how much chance I would have of regularly selling my magazine. Therefore I will understand how many people may buy my magazine.

Q6) From this question I can see that only 10% of the people I asked regularly buy a music magazine. This shows that there is a large gap in the market. Therefore I now know that there is a large percentage of people who would possible buy a new music magazine. I now know how many people are not currently interested in a music magazine and who may therefore be interested in my magazine.

Q7) I have found out that 85% of people who do not already buy music magazines would be prepared to buy a new magazine.

Q8) I now know that if my magazine was of good quality and the audience enjoyed it, then 79% would begin to regularly buy it. This shows me that there would be a market for my magazine as long as it meets the target markets needs.

Q9) This question shows me that 90% of people believe that they have easy access to music magazines. This shows that access is not the reason many people do not buy magazines. This is good because it tells me that people would be prepared to buy my magazine if they enjoyed it, because they can easily access it.

Q10) This shows me that 55% of people would ideally purchase a magazine once a month. I now know how often I should bring out a new issue of my magazine, so that I can put it on the pug.

Q11) I have now found out how much effort people made to get their magazines. 46% of people go out of their way to buy a music magazine, compared to 36% of people who regularly pick it up in their weekly shop.

Q12) This question has shown me how much I should charge for my magazine. 69% of the people I surveyed said they would be prepared to pay £1-£3 for a magazine, so this is how much I will charge for my magazine, and will put on the pug.

Q13) This question shows me what genre of music the people I surveyed listened to the most. This will help me decide what genre of music magazine I will produce. 31% of people I surveyed said they most like Indie music and therefore I will product an Indie style magazine.

Q14) This question has shown me that 60% of people are more concerned with contents than appearance, which means that this will be important to consider when designing my magazine and considering ideas.

Q15) From this question I have found that people would most like to hear about upcoming artists in a magazine. This means that my magazine will feature mainly upcoming artists.

Q16) This has shown me that people are most attracted to a magazine which features female artists. 50% of people I surveyed said they prefer female artists and therefore the cover of my magazine will feature a female artist.

Q17) 60% of people I surveyed said that they would be encouraged to buy a magazine because it included a free CD or download. Therefore, I will include this in my magazine, to attract more audience and customers.

Q18) 55% of people said that they mainly read magazines whilst relaxing, so I will use relaxed language and tone in my magazine.

Q19) From this question I have found out how many people like to keep up to date with recent trends in music. This shows me that 60% of people do like to keep up to date with trends in music and therefore I will need to make sure that my magazine is modern and up to date with the latest chart details and news.

Q20) I found out that the top four things they wanted were upcoming artists- 19%, chart details- 18%, interviews- 18% and photo shoots- 17%. Therefore I will make sure these are the main features included in my magazine.

Questionnaire

2010-01-21T15:19:00.005Z

Please tick one answer unless otherwise stated.

Q1) Are you:
() Male
() Female

Q2) What age are you?
() Below 15
() 16-18
() 19-21
() 21-30
() 31+

Q3) Where do you live?
() Sandhurst
() Crowthorne
() Bracknell
() Other

Q4) Are you a student?
() Yes
() No

Q5) Do you regularly buy any magazine?
() Yes
() No
() Sometimes

Q6) Do you ever buy a music magazine?
() Yes, regularly
() Yes, occasionally
() No

If yes, please skip to question 9.

Q7) If no, would you be interested in a new music magazine?
() Yes
() No

Q8) If you enjoyed the magazine, would you begin to regularly buy the music magazine?
() Yes
() No

Q9) Do you have easy access to music magazines?
() Yes
() No

Q10) How often do you/would you purchase a magazine?
() Daily
() Weekly
() Monthly
() Less

Q11) Where would you purchase a magazine from? (Please select all that apply)
() Internet
() Supermarket
() Local shop/ News agent
() Other

Q12) How much would you be prepared to pay for a music magazine?
() Below £1
() Between £1 and £3
() Between £3 and £5
() £5+

Q13) What genre of music are you most interested in?
() R ‘n’ B
() Rock
() Indie
() Pop
() Dance
() Garage
() Emo
() Classical
() Other

Q14) Do you buy a magazine based on appearance or contents?
() Appearance
() Contents

Q15) Would you prefer a magazine to feature famous artists or upcoming artists?
() Already famous
() Upcoming

Q16) Do you prefer groups, female or male artists?
() Groups
() Female
() Male

Q17) Would you be encouraged to buy a magazine because it included a free CD or download?
() Yes
() No

Q18) Where do you read a magazine?
() Travelling
() Relaxing at home
() Working

Q19) Do you keep up with trends in music?
() Yes
() No
() Sometimes

Q20) What do you look for in a magazine? (Please select all that apply)
() Interviews
() Upcoming artists
() Famous artists
() Photo shoots
() Chart details
() Latest gossip
() Other